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S. M. Krishna

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In this Indian name, the toponymic surname is Somanahalli. It is not a family name, and the person should be referred to by the given name, Krishna.
In this Indian name, the name Mallaiah is a patronymic, and the person should be referred to by the given name, Krishna.
S. M. Krishna
Krishna in 2009
27th Minister of External Affairs
In office
23 May 2009 – 28 October 2012
Prime MinisterManmohan Singh
Preceded byPranab Mukherjee
Succeeded bySalman Khurshid
18th Governor of Maharashtra
In office
12 December 2004 – 5 March 2008
Chief MinisterVilasrao Deshmukh
Preceded byMohammed Fazal
Succeeded byS. C. Jamir
10th Chief Minister of Karnataka
In office
11 October 1999 – 28 May 2004
Preceded byJ. H. Patel
Succeeded byN. Dharam Singh
1st Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka
In office
21 January 1993 – 11 December 1994
Chief MinisterM. Veerappa Moily
Preceded byOffice Established
Succeeded byJ. H. Patel
ConstituencyMaddur
13th Speaker of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly
In office
18 December 1989 – 20 January 1993
Preceded byB. G. Banakar, JP
Succeeded byV. S. Koujalagi, INC
Personal details
Born(1932-05-01)1 May 1932
Somanahalli, Kingdom of Mysore, British India
(now in Karnataka, India)
Died10 December 2024(2024-12-10) (aged 92)
Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Political partyBharatiya Janata Party
(March 2017–2023)
Other political
affiliations
Spouse
Prema
​
(m. 1966)​
RelativesV. G. Siddhartha
(son in-law)
Alma materMysore University
Southern Methodist University
George Washington University Law School
HonoursPadma Vibhushan (2023)

Somanahalli Mallaiah Krishna (1 May 1932 – 10 December 2024) was an Indian politician who served as Minister of External Affairs of India from 2009 to October 2012.[1] He was the 10th Chief Minister of Karnataka from 1999 to 2004 and the 19th Governor of Maharashtra from 2004 to 2008. SM Krishna had served as the Speaker of the Karnataka Vidhana Soudha from December 1989 to January 1993. He was also a member of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha at various times from 1971 to 2014. He is widely credited with putting Bengaluru on the world map by building the foundation for making it the IT Hub that it is today during his tenure as Chief Minister.[2] In 2023, Krishna was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, the second highest civilian award of India.[3]

Early life and education

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S. M. Krishna was the son of S. C. Mallaiah. He was born on 1 May 1932[4] to a Vokkaliga family in a village named Somanahalli in the Maddur Taluk of Mandya district, Karnataka. He finished his High School in Sri Ramakrishna Vidyashala, Mysore.[5] He completed his Bachelor of Arts from Maharaja's College, Mysore and obtained a law degree from University Law College, which was then known as Government Law College in Bangalore. Krishna studied in the United States, graduating with Masters of Laws degree from the Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas[6] and The George Washington University Law School in Washington D.C, where he was a Fulbright Scholar.[7] Soon after his return to India, he was elected to the Mysore Legislative Assembly in 1962.[8]

Political career

[edit]
Krishna (center) with US President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama during a reception at the Metropolitan Museum in New York

Krishna started his electoral political career in the year 1962 by winning Maddur Vidhana Sabha seat as an independent, defeating the prominent politician from Indian National Congress K V Shankar Gowda for whom Jawaharlal Nehru had campaigned.[9] Then he joined Praja Socialist Party, but lost from Maddur in 1967 elections to Congress' M M Gowda. He won the by-poll for Mandya (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1968 when the sitting MP died, defeating the Congress nominee.[10]

In 1968 he was influential in reconciliation between members of the Indian National Congress and Praja Socialist Party. He served three terms as an MP from the Mandya constituency of Karnataka starting from 1968 by-poll as a socialist. His next two terms were as a Congressman, winning elections in 1971 and 1980. Mandya remained a Congress stronghold, represented in Lok Sabha later by his political proteges like Ambareesh and Divya Spandana (also known as Ramya). S M Krishna resigned from Lok Sabha in 1972, and became a member of the Karnataka Legislative Council and was appointed a minister by Devaraj Urs.[11]

After he went back to Lok Sabha in 1980,[9] he served as minister under Indira Gandhi between 1983–84. He lost from Mandya Lok Sabha seat in the 1984 elections. He was reelected to the Karnataka legislative assembly in 1985. He served as Speaker of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly between 18 December 1989 and 20 January 1993.[12] He served as Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka from 1993 to 1994.[13]

Later, he became a member of the Rajya Sabha between April 1996 and 1999.[14]

In 1999, as Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee president, he led his party to victory in the 1999 assembly polls and took over as Chief Minister of Karnataka, a post he held until being defeated in 2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly elections. He was also instrumental in creating power reforms with ESCOMS and digitization of land records (BHOOMI) and many other citizen friendly initiatives. He encouraged private public participation and was a fore bearer of the Bangalore Advance Task Force.[15]

Krishna was appointed Governor of Maharashtra in December 2004. Krishna resigned as Governor of Maharashtra on 5 March 2008. It was reported that this was due to his intention to return to active politics in Karnataka.[16] President Pratibha Patil accepted his resignation on 6 March.[17] Krishna entered the Rajya Sabha and subsequently took the oath of office as Union Cabinet Minister of External Affairs in the Council of Ministers under Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on 22 May 2009.[18] In his tenure as the external affairs minister, he visited a number of countries including Tajikistan in 2012 to strengthen economic and energy ties.[19]

Krishna resigned as External Affairs Minister on 26 October 2012 indicating a return to Karnataka state politics.[1][20]

Krishna resigned as a member of INC on 29 January 2017 quoting that the party was in a "state of confusion" on whether it needed mass leaders or not. He also complained of having been sidelined by the party and that the party was "dependent on managers and not time-tested people like himself".[21] After speculations on his joining the Bharatiya Janata Party, he formally joined the party in March 2017.[22]

He announced his retirement from politics in January 2023, citing age-related issues.[23]

Positions held

[edit]
Krishna at the 6th Asian Congress of Neurological Surgeons, organised by the Hinduja Hospital
Duration Position held Refs.
1962–67 Elected to 3rd Mysore Legislative Assembly from Maddur. [24]
1968–1970 Elected to 4th Lok Sabha as Socialist MP from Mandya after a by-poll when sitting MP died in 1967. [24]
1971–1972 Elected to 5th Lok Sabha, Congress candidate from Mandya. [24]
1972–1977 Member of Karnataka Legislative Council. [24]
1972–77 Minister for Commerce & Industries & Parliamentary Affairs, Government of Karnataka. [24]
1980–1984 Elected to 7th Lok Sabha from Mandya. [24]
29 January 1983 – 7 February 1984 Union Minister of State for Industry. [24]
February 1984 – December 1984 Union Minister of State for Finance. [24]
1989–1994 Member, 9th Karnataka Legislative Assembly. [24]
December 1989–1992 Speaker, Karnataka Legislative Assembly. [24]
1992 – 9 December 1994 Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka. [24]
April 1996 – 1999 Member of Rajya Sabha. [14]
1999–2000 President of Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee. [25]
October 1999 – 2004 Chief Minister of Karnataka (MLA from Maddur) [26]
2004 Re-elected to Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Chamrajpet constituency.
2004–2008 Governor of Maharashtra. [24]
2008–2014 Member of Rajya Sabha from Karnataka. [27][28]
22 May 2009 – 26 October 2012 External Affairs Minister, Government of India. [18]

Personal life

[edit]

Krishna was married to Prema. They had two daughters.[29] His daughter Malavika Krishna was married to the Late V. G. Siddhartha, a businessman and the founder of Cafe Coffee Day.[30] He had a younger brother, Shankar (died 2019), who was a member of the Karnataka Legislative Council.[31]

At the dawn of his political life, he released his biography, Smritivahini, in the presence of many dignitaries. He penned many interesting incidents including Veerappan Kidnapping of Rajkumar during his tenure as the chief minister.[32] He also quoted that the former prime minister of India and national president of Janata Dal (Secular) H. D. Devegowda had strong plans of joining Indian National Congress twice during the period of National emergency.[33][34]

Krishna died from a long illness at his residence in Bengaluru, on 10 December 2024, at the age of 92.[35][36][37] It was announced that he would be cremated with full state honours in his hometown of Mandya, on 11 December.[38] The Karnataka Government announced a three day mourning period.[38]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "S M Krishna resigns ahead of Cabinet reshuffle; Soni, Wasnik too 'offer' to quit". The Times of India. New Delhi. PTI. 26 October 2012. Archived from the original on 3 April 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2013.
  2. ^ Dev, Arun (10 December 2024). "SM Krishna: Man who played key role in transforming Bengaluru into global IT hub". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
  3. ^ "Padma awards: Sudha Murty, S M Krishna, Mulayam Singh Yadav, Zakir Hussain, others honoured". Deccan Herald. 22 March 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  4. ^ "SM Krishna passes away: The veteran's political career, legacy, and 'Brand Bengaluru'". Hindustan Times. 10 December 2024. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  5. ^ "Sri Ramakrishna Vidyashala to celebrate 80th anniversary". The Times of India. 20 December 2011. Archived from the original on 10 December 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  6. ^ "Houston : S M Krishna gets Global Alumni Award". Daiji World. 24 February 2010. Archived from the original on 10 December 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  7. ^ Nayar, K.P (25 May 2009). "'Full bright' and passion for tennis – Krishna set to be a hit in US". The Telegraph (India). The Telegraph Online. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  8. ^ "S.M. Krishna: US-educated, experienced politician". thaindian.com. 22 May 2009. Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
  9. ^ a b "I look to the Congress President, not others: S M Krishna". Deccan Chronicle. 30 January 2017. Archived from the original on 21 April 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  10. ^ Murthy, Sachidananda (10 December 2020). "Mandya's strange tryst with bypolls continues..." onmanorama.com. Archived from the original on 30 November 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  11. ^ "Krishna: Suave, Articulate". Reddif News. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  12. ^ "Speakers of Karnataka Legislative Assembly since 1949". Karnataka Legislature. Archived from the original on 17 May 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  13. ^ "Former Karnataka chief minister SM Krishna dedicates his Padma Vibhushan to the people". South First. 26 January 2023. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  14. ^ a b "S.M. Krishna – Brown-India Initiative Inauguration". watson.brown.edu. 28 September 2012. Archived from the original on 10 August 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  15. ^ M, Akshatha (11 May 2016). "Task forces and vision groups of Bengaluru – how many do you remember?". citizenmatters.in. Archived from the original on 25 June 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  16. ^ "S.M. Krishna quits as Governor". The Hindu. 6 March 2008. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  17. ^ "Krishna resignation accepted, Jamir in charge of State". sify.com. 6 March 2008. Archived from the original on 17 April 2008. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  18. ^ a b "List of External Affairs Ministers since 1946". The Hindu. 31 May 2019. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  19. ^ "Krishna to pay a two-day visit to Tajikistan from tomorrow". The Times of India. 1 July 2012. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013.
  20. ^ "Krishna quits, rejig to focus on youth". Hindustan Times. New Delhi. 26 October 2012. Archived from the original on 13 December 2012. Retrieved 17 January 2013.
  21. ^ Poovanna, Sharan (30 January 2017). "Veteran leader S.M. Krishna quits Congress". Livemint. Archived from the original on 8 November 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  22. ^ Hebbar, Nistula (22 March 2017). "S.M. Krishna joins BJP". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 8 November 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  23. ^ "Gradually stepping aside from public life due to age, will be retiring from active politics: S M Krishna". The Indian Express. 5 January 2023. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Detailed Profile: Shri S.M. Krishna". Govt. of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  25. ^ "Former Presidents | Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee". karnatakapcc.com. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  26. ^ "Maddur Assembly Constituency Election Result – Legislative Assembly Constituency". 3 December 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  27. ^ "S M Krishna elected to Rajya Sabha from Karnataka". Oneindia. 19 June 2008. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  28. ^ "Cong picks IIM's Rajeev Gowda over S M Krishna for Rajya Sabha nomination from Karnataka". The Indian Express. 9 June 2014. Archived from the original on 27 September 2017. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  29. ^ "How SM Krishna finally made it". Deccan Herald. 23 May 2009. Archived from the original on 8 November 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  30. ^ Megalkeri, Basu (19 April 2013). "NO, THANK YOU, MR SM KRISHNA". talkmag.in. Archived from the original on 31 July 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  31. ^ "Former K'taka Legislative Council member SM Shankar no more". Udayavani. 22 June 2019. Archived from the original on 30 November 2024. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  32. ^ Khajane, Muralidhara (26 September 2018). "Rajkumar kidnap: The 'perfect script' that will remain a secret". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 8 May 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  33. ^ "Bengaluru: JD(S) objects to reference to Deve Gowda in Krishna's book". Daiji World. 26 December 2019. Archived from the original on 12 January 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  34. ^ "HD Deve Gowda wished to join Congress twice, reveals SM Krishna's book". The New Indian Express. 29 December 2019. Archived from the original on 10 December 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  35. ^ "S.M. Krishna, former External Affairs Minister and Karnataka CM, dies". The Hindu. 10 December 2024. Archived from the original on 10 December 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  36. ^ Maitra, Jyotismita (10 December 2024). "SM Krishna, Visionary Leader and Former Karnataka CM, Dies at 92". Bru Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  37. ^ M, Shrinivasa (10 December 2024). "Former Karnataka CM SM Krishna passes away at 92". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 10 December 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
  38. ^ a b "Ex-Karnataka CM S M Krishna no more; PM, leaders pay rich tributes to ex-CM". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to S. M. Krishna.
Lok Sabha
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Mandya
1968–1972 		Succeeded by
K Chikklingaiah
Preceded by
K Chikklingaiah
 Member of Parliament for Mandya
1980–1984 		Succeeded by
K.V. Shankaragowda
Political offices
Preceded by
none
 Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka
1993–1994 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chief Minister of Karnataka
1999–2004 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of Maharashtra
2004–2008 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of External Affairs
2009–2012 		Succeeded by
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